Why monalisa painting famous Essay Example For Students

Why monalisa painting renowned Essay Body Paragraph 1 One of the reasons why the canvas renowned is a direct result of the painter of the work of art. Leonardo Dad Vinci painted it He is the principal Renaissance craftsman He is prestigious all through the world for his various styles and show-stoppers Body Paragraph 2 Secondly, the hypothesis of the lady in the loyalist of Mona Lisa. Individuals said Mona Lisa was pregnant as per the loyalist. It was hypothesis that Mona Lisa was Dad Vinci mother,lovers or only a model of the loyalist. The grin of Mona Lisa is by one way or another baffling the educators. Body section 3 Thirdly, the work of art was taken and news about it had made the composition well known, The canvas was taken and cant be followed, The report about the taken artistic creation had spread all through the globe. It was discovered when somebody attempted to sell it. End The nationalist Of Monomials is notable in light of the painter, the theory Of the lady itself and the report about the work of art was taken. From my supposition, even the nationalist is only a straightforward painting it was absolutely popular and beneficial to see. We will compose a custom paper on Why monalisa painting popular explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now I trust the canvas of Mona Lisa will be made sure about in the sheltered spot so it could be secured for quite a while. WHY MONOMIALS PAINTING FAMOUS ? A renowned canvas about a lady down the middle length is fuel known through all veer the world is known as Monomials. The Monomials is conceivably the most notable bit Of painted work of art in the whole world. It was painted by the Leonardo Dad Vinci, the well known Italian craftsmen, somewhere in the range of 1504 and 1519, and is a half body commission for a lady named Lisa Grenadine_ Her significant other, Francesco Del Giaconda mentioned the work by Dad Vinci soon after the turn of the century. It is maybe the most considered bit Of work of art at any point known. This nationalist has been viewed as the most eminent composition and simultaneously, it is the most discussed painting on the planet which makes it the most well known canvas of all. What makes the artistic creation so well known when the drawing simply comprise of a lady sitting with her hands collapsed and demonstrating a half grin. There were a few gossipy tidbits about the artwork that contested by individuals addressing why the work of art is so celebrated despite the fact that it is only a basic nationalist of an obscure lady, According to Totalitys. Mother, 2012, the Monomials is an oil painting, with a cottonwood board as the surface. It is abnormal in that most artistic creation are dispatched as oil on canvas, however the cottonwood board is a piece of what has credited to the acclaim of the work of art. Due to the medium utilized or the picture, the Monomial has made due for six centuries while never ha ving been reestablished a quality which is bizarre while considering the timeframe of the piece. The work of art is only a plain painting yet it has its own reasons why the artistic creation is notable. A couple of reasons why Mona Lisa is well known are a direct result of its painter, the theory of who was the lady in the work of art and the report about the taken artwork. Monomials was extremely well known in mid 1500. There are numerous reasons that we could discover why Monomials was celebrated during that time. One reason is simply the painter. The painter of Monomials painting is Leonardo Dad Vinci Who was the well known Italian craftsman on year 1500. Leonardo Dad Vinci was conceived on 15 April 1452 in the Tuscan slope town Vinci in the lower valley Of the Aaron River in the region Of Florence. .u6f1f27665baa1e848cae708a49a565c9 , .u6f1f27665baa1e848cae708a49a565c9 .postImageUrl , .u6f1f27665baa1e848cae708a49a565c9 .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u6f1f27665baa1e848cae708a49a565c9 , .u6f1f27665baa1e848cae708a49a565c9:hover , .u6f1f27665baa1e848cae708a49a565c9:visited , .u6f1f27665baa1e848cae708a49a565c9:active { border:0!important; } .u6f1f27665baa1e848cae708a49a565c9 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u6f1f27665baa1e848cae708a49a565c9 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u6f1f27665baa1e848cae708a49a565c9:active , .u6f1f27665baa1e848cae708a49a565c9:hover { murkiness: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u6f1f27665baa1e848cae708a49a565c9 .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: rel ative; } .u6f1f27665baa1e848cae708a49a565c9 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-beautification: underline; } .u6f1f27665baa1e848cae708a49a565c9 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u6f1f27665baa1e848cae708a49a565c9 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-design: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u6f1f27665baa1e848cae708a49a565c9:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u6f1f27665baa1e848cae708a 49a565c9 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u6f1f27665baa1e848cae708a49a565c9-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u6f1f27665baa1e848cae708a49a565c9:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Analysis Of Rembrandt EssayHe was the ill-conceived child of Messes Pier Frisson did Antonio father Vinci, a Florentine legal official and his mom was expressed as a slave from the Middle East. Leonardo spent his unfulfilled obligations in the village of Michigan, at that point lived in the family of his dad in the unassuming community of Vinci. As indicated by the diary, in 1466, at fourteen years old, Leonardo was prenticed to one of the best specialists of his day, Andrea did Iconic, known as Overreaction. Veronicas workshop comprises of the flows of Florence, guaranteeing the youthful Leonardo of instruction in the humanities, Leonardo would have been presented to an immense of specialized aptitudes and had the chance to learn different masterful abilities. By 1472, at twenty years old, Leonardo qualified as an ace in the Guild of SST Luke, the society of craftsmen and specialists of medication. Hes most punctual realized dated work is an attracting pen and ink of the Aaron valley, drawn on 5 August 1473. On account of his capacity to concentrate from the genuine type of the human, he had the option to draw and paint it more precisely than some other specialists of his time. As indicated by Barbara O Connors in her diary, Leonardo Dad Vinci, Renaissance Genius, 2003, Dad Vinci was notable as somebody Who typifies a term called Renaissance man which infer that he was the premier Renaissance craftsmen at that period. At the hour Of the Monomials heist, Leonardo father Vines perfect work of art was a long way from the most visited thing in the gallery. Leonardo painted the representation around 1507, and it was not until the 1860 that workmanship pundits guaranteed the Monomials was perhaps the best case of Renaissance painting. Other than that, Dad Vinci is likewise eminent all through the world for his various styles and masterpiece. While Monomials was known as the best bit of fine art ever, Dad Vinci was known more for his capacity to attract than to paint, Second motivation behind why painting of Monomials was well known is the theory about the lady in the artistic creation. At the point when the work of art was finished, there were bunches of theories about the lady in the artistic creation, Many individuals additionally attempted to foresee the reasons of such a grin which is the fundamental purpose behind puzzle in he painting. They arrived at the resolution that it was most likely on the grounds that she was pregnant during that time as indicated by the Art Newspaper by Martin Bailey, 7 March 2012 . Truth be told, almost no is thought about the lady, with the exception of the way that she was a piece of the group of the Grenadine in Florence. There are likewise numerous speculations that additionally recommend that this woman in the representation was potentially the mother of Dad Vinci, while some others guarantee that it could have been the sweetheart Vinci. Simultaneously, there are additionally numerous that conjecture over the way that she may just was a hidden self-picture. Something else is the grin of Monomials in the work of art. The grin is truth be told, Often portrayed as half Which is to some degree astounding the educators. As indicated by Vision Research,Volvo 44, 1493, Monomials grin was portrayed as a cheerful grin since commotion that lifted the edges Of her mouth made Mona Lisa appear to be more joyful, and those that smoothed her lips caused her to appear to be more troubled. Additional astounding however, was the way promptly the visual clamor changed people groups impression of the Mona Aliass articulation. Moreover, Golden,September 2007,Adjunct Professor at Brown University had contended that the mystery of the mile is in the dynamic situation of Monomials facial muscles make her grin look like forceful feeling in the watcher of the work of art itself. Moreover, the third motivation behind why the nationalist become renowned was on the grounds that it was taken and news about it had made the canvas well known. As indicated by Jennifer Rosenberg in her site which is About. Com Guide, the artwork hits its fame when the Monomials was taken from intensely made sure about Louver which specialists said was difficult to do and was untraceable. Other than that, James Jug in Smithsonian. Com. June 16, 2011, expressed that one hundred years back, on a sticky Monday in Paris, 21 August 1911, there were three men rushing out of the Louver. .uef9d11d435341809d485583dcee876b7 , .uef9d11d435341809d485583dcee876b7 .postImageUr

Accessibility and usability: Web technologies

Availability and ease of use: Web innovations Unique: The connection among availability and ease of use can be a quarrelsome issue particularly with the coming of new web advances. Does openness adversy affect ease of use and the other way around and is this in any case influenced by new web advancements? With the appearance of new web innovations it is thought by some that the two probably bipolar techniques of website composition and assessment repudiate each other significantly more. So as to decide whether this is in truth evident this paper will take a gander at the impact of new web advancements on availability and ease of use and the present practices in every one of these zones. This paper thinks about different perspectives on this subject, looks at definitions and philosophies and reasons that in any event, when utilizing new web advancements, grasping the two arrangements of practices and perceiving their places of likeness, it is as yet conceivable, with considered and prudent utilization of new web innovations to make a web site architecture that is both usable and available. 1. Presentation Some availability professionals accept that by applying new web advances to a website architecture, that due to the additional degree of unpredictability, they make another boundary to crippled individuals (Everett 2006). Some ease of use experts accept that by implementing openness rehearses that the intuitiveness will somehow or another endure (Koch 2002). As far as new web innovations is this still the case. Is there any legitimacy in these convictions? Would common be able to ground be found to accomplish the a parity? There has all the earmarks of being an absence of lucidity of what comprises a usable site and misconstruing of what establishes a genuinely available site. The point of this paper is to talk about the connection among convenience and openness by right off the bat taking a gander at the contrasts among them and where they cover. We will at that point need to comprehend current speculation on the connection among availability and ease of use and how it is influenced by current web advances. Will Web Standards and new web advances affect availability and ease of use? With the approach of Web measures (Featherstone et al. The Web Standards Project 1998) and refreshed web availability rules (Henry et al. W3C 2008) it has gotten simpler for engineers to make locales that are progressively usable and open. This paper will likewise explore innovations, for example, AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML)(Garrett 2005), and whether this will have any further impact on the connection among availability and ease of use 2. Definitions and procedures 2.1 New web advancements (Web 2.0) The idea of Web2.0 started with a gathering meeting to generate new ideas. Individuals noticed that a long way from being unviable after 2001, when numerous online organizations fallen, the web was a higher priority than any time in recent memory, with energizing new applications and destinations showing up routinely (OReilly 2002). Web 2.0 sites are described by their rich and intelligent substance. This is as a distinct difference to the static HTML. By utilizing scripting advancements, for example, JavaScript an AJAX (Garrett 2005) it is currently conceivable to make electronic applications that look like work area applications with the benefit of having the option to get to them from anyplace. Using scripting libraries it is presently conceivable to include intelligent work area like interface things to site pages and give the capacity to permit clients to make changes to current substance. Center qualities of Web 2.0 sites are (OReilly 2002): Web Services, not bundled programming (Web applications) Client command over information sources that become increasingly complete the more individuals use them (Wikis) Clients trusted as co-engineers (Wikis, web journals) Tackling aggregate insight Programming accessible to practically any gadget (Mobile Apps) Lightweight UIs and advancement models With these new advances and coding procedures, what impact do they have on the connection among openness and ease of use? Web 2.0 can possibly improve ease of use because of the additional capacity to make a progressively rich and intelligent condition for the site client. Anyway with these new advancements, would they be able to be deciphered by assistive advances utilized by crippled clients? Have handicapped clients been thought of? Will philosophies, for example, plan and assessment need to change? 2.2 Accessibility The web enables individuals with inabilities to do things that they would be not able to do through some other road. The web offers them opportunity and freedom. In any case, these conceivable outcomes are evacuated if a site isn't made in an open manner. Basically availability can be characterized as access for everybody regardless of what inability they experience the ill effects of (Berners-Lee, through Henry W3C 2009). Other have a progressively adaptable methodology, for example, Clark (2002) where he proposes that stipends of for impaired clients ought to be made to make a site available. Another term utilized regarding Accessibility is Universal Design, which joins components of convenience with the objective of making sites or any item as usable as conceivable by whatever number individuals as could reasonably be expected without requiring adjusted or concentrated plan. (Mace 2008) The rules by which most openness experts create and assess sites is Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 which are refreshed principles created by The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). These are composed to suit new innovations and give better and increasingly complete assistance for engineers and planners when attempting to make sites available. These gauges comprise of 12 rules that are sorted out under 4 standards: discernible, operable, reasonable, and strong. For every rule, there are testable achievement measures, which are at three degrees of need: An, AA, and AAA with each of the A rules having the most elevated need (Caldwell et al. W3C 2008). The four standards of the WCAG 2.0 rules can be clarified as follows (Caldwell et al. W3C 2008): Recognizable Web substance ought to be made accessible to any or the entirety of the faculties sight, hearing, and additionally contact Operable Interface articles, for example, structures, controls, and route must be operable autonomous of the info technique Justifiable The destinations substance, data and interface must be reasonable to the intended interest group Vigorous Sites can be utilized dependably by a wide assortment of client operators, for example, internet browsers, cell phones and assistive advances The W3C likewise records different strategies for assessing sites for availability to decide their consistence with WCAG (Abou-Zahra et al. W3C WAI 2008). Different techniques including starter surveys, manual and mechanized assessment apparatuses, are utilized to decide consistence. When creating sites whether with new advancements or not it is suggested that Web Standards coding practices ought to be utilized to achieve conformance with WCAG 2.0. Web gauges are advancements and practices set up by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), alongside different gatherings and guidelines bodies for making and deciphering online substance. By utilizing these advances it is conceivable to make web content that advantage a more noteworthy number of clients and simultaneously making this substance usable in the drawn out paying little heed to innovation changes (Featherstone et al. WASP 2006). The Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI) of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has built up an Accessible Rich Internet Applications Suite (ARIA) so as to make rich web content progressively available for individuals with handicaps (Henry et al. W3C 2009). This suite is presently not completely bolstered in all client specialists (programs) and AJAX libraries (Henry et al. W3C 2009). Will refreshed openness rehearses have the option to improve or be joined into ease of use rehearses? 2.3 Usability The for the most part acknowledged definition for ease of use in ISO 9241 states: the degree to which an item can be utilized by determined clients to accomplish indicated objectives with viability, productivity and fulfillment in a predefined setting of utilization Ease of use is characterized by five quality segments (Nielsen 2003): Learnability: Ease with which an essential undertaking can be finished at the main endeavor. Proficiency: The speed with which an assignment is performed Memorability: The straightforwardness with which an interface will be recalled. Mistakes: The number and seriousness of blunders Fulfillment: The degree of happiness or delight when utilizing an interface An augmentation of ease of use is the term User-Centered Design (UCD) (Preece et al. 2006), where clients are included all through the lifecycle of site improvements by utilizing organized approachs so as to decide and address all the issues of the objective client (Usability.gov 2009). A portion of the strategies utilized incorporate (Usability.gov 2009): Ease of use testing Representative clients are watched while endeavoring to finish set undertakings. Notes on the perceptions of client conduct and remarks are made. Card arranging Participants organize and even mark cards speaking to site content into intelligent gatherings and classifications to illuminate the data engineering regarding a site plan. Singular meetings Individual members are met ordinarily for 30 minutes to an hour either face to face, by phone, or using any and all means accessible which permits discussion. These meetings can be formal or casual and don't include perception. Relevant meeting or field examines Contextual meetings are like client testing on the grounds that the clients are watched, anyway they are not given a lot of undertaking yet are fairly seen in there common habitat. Spectators likewise take notes. Overviews These are utilized to acquire information from huge gatherings of individuals in a moderately brief timeframe and are typically used to accumulate client prerequisites. They can likewise be utilized for summative convenience assessment. Center gatherings These are normally a conversation among eight to twelve current clients or potential u

How to Write an Exemplification Essay

How to Write an Exemplification Essay An exemplification essay is much alike to an argumentative essay but has its specifics. Such essays are based on various examples that are used to prove the authors point of view and support a thesis statement. Creating any type of school paper takes some time and skills. An exemplification essay is not an exception. When working on this type of essay, the majority of your time you will have to dedicate to the preparation step which implies searching for the right topic and for suitable examples that can support your claims and help you express your opinion. The Preparation Step So, before actually writing an essay, you have to find a subject that will make an excellent fit for your essay. For example, you shouldnt choose a topic that is too narrow or too broad as you wont be able to evolve your thoughts properly. When the topic is too narrow, its hard to find the proper number of examples that you can use in your essay. If there are only two examples that you can find, you most likely wont be able to create a paper of proper quality. When the topic is too broad, you will have difficult times with picking the right examples to cover the whole topic and not just a part of it. What is the purpose of details and examples in an illustration/example essay? They are used to support your thesis statement and find the answer to the main question of your essay or to solve the problem mentioned in it. What are the good topics? So, when searching for a topic, start with looking through the facts, cases, statistics, and other data that you can use in your essay. Here are some examples of exemplification essay topics: Do social media cause social anxiety? Will literature die out with time? Is online education as effective as school? Should more parents consider homeschooling for their children? Should parents help their children with homework? Robots can completely replace people at work in the future. Online communication makes languages poor and primitive. Is freedom of speech an essential part of a utopian community? Make sure to find diverse examples to avoid making your essay one-sided. As it has some common features with an argumentative essay, you should pick the topic that would represent some problematic and address two argumentative sides. For example, the topic “Are you obligated to have a college degree nowadays?” can be used for such type of essay as there is some space for discussion and proving a point of view through the evidence and facts. However, the topic “Are you obligated to have a college degree to work as a doctor?” clearly has only one side. The research step is essential, so make sure to read our list of tips on how you can make your research more time-efficient. Once you have decided what the topic for your essay would be and what examples you will use in your paper, you can start writing an exemplification essay. The Outline Step Creating an exemplification essay outline is an essential part as it helps to structure and organize your thoughts and ideas. This step also helps you to understand and plan the order of the facts which you will use in your essay to evaluate your ideas and make them flow in a logical order. Dont forget about the main components â€" the introduction, the body paragraphs, and the conclusion. Remember that your introduction has to include a thesis statement â€" the main idea behind your essay. Plan your body paragraphs considerably. All of the examples which you use in the body of your essay should support your claims and present arguments that you base your thesis statement on. The Introduction Any type of essay requires a strong and catchy introduction. The introduction part of your exemplification essay should have such a powerful beginning too. The first paragraph of your essay usually provides a reader with an understanding of what your essay is about and what the main idea of it is. However, its not enough. Your introduction has to provide a motive for your reader to keep reading. How to start an exemplification essay? If you struggle with an opening sentence for your essay that would catch attention, consider some of the following ideas which are great for the hook sentence: A question A quote A historical fact An intriguing sentence An anecdote An idiom Your introduction part is the best place for your thesis statement. If you havent come up with one yet, dont worry. Just start writing your body paragraphs and return to your introduction part later. You will see that creating an exemplification essay thesis statement with all of the main parts of your essay already written is much easier than starting with it first. So, your thesis statement is basically the main idea of your essay. It presents your opinion on the topic and sums up all of your findings and research that you have performed. You can also mention the main points that you will discuss further in the text. The Body Paragraphs Body paragraphs are the heart of your exemplification essay as they contain the main element of it â€" the examples which you use to support your opinion. When getting to the new paragraph, start it with an example, a fact or a topical sentence to provide a brief idea of what this paragraph is about. After starting with such a sentence, you can evaluate your thoughts and the point of view. When closing a paragraph, add a transitional sentence. A pro tip: categorize your examples by the importance before putting them into your essay. For example, the most powerful and illustrative example should be placed in the first body paragraph while those which you consider weaker should be placed near to the end of your essay. The Conclusion The final part of your essay has to summarize all of your findings and your thoughts as well as restating your thesis statement. Dont just repeat your previous sentences from the introduction and your body paragraphs. Paraphrase them instead to summarize the work, mention the main points, and offer a solution to the issues which your essay covers. Leave your reader with a conclusive thought or rhetorical question. The Final Step Once you have finished writing your paragraphs, you can start proofreading and editing your essay. Make sure to check your grammar and punctuation as this is what your professor will pay attention to. If you are not confident about your writing skills or your literacy, you should consider requesting writing service to edit and proofread your essay or create it from scratch. Also, check out our article that will provide you with some useful pieces of advice on how you can improve your writing skills. Wrapping Up The process of working on an exemplification essay is similar to writing an argumentative essay as it also implies picking the suitable examples and evidence to support your point of view on the issue. Such an essay might take more time because of the preparation step so you might be interested in saving yours and turning to a writing team for assistance.

A Research On Conflict Resolution - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 897 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/08/16 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Conflict Resolution Essay Did you like this example? INTRODUCTION Conflict is a part of our lives; however, what we can do is to make sure it doesn’t have the power over our lives. What I learned in conflict management skills may be hopeless because learning these tools cannot make conflict go away; yet, what it can do is make us deal with conflicts when they do happen in everyday life. To explain more properly, I will separate my own conflict assets and the assessment results. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Research On Conflict Resolution" essay for you Create order Whether I agree or disagree, and then form a definitive perspective about myself in relation to conflict. While taking the Conflict Styles Assessment, I found that my highest score was in compromise, collaboration, and accommodation, making these types my main styles. My score was low in avoidance and competition, both of these styles I considered my secondary. I took the test and my scores on all of the five conflict style. Avoidance: 12, Competition: 14, Compromise: 25, Accommodation: 14, and Collaboration: 25. While contrasting my results with my initial conflict management style. Avoidance, my avoidance was fairly low for myself but the quiz ranked my avoidance slightly higher. â€Å"Avoidance happens when we let denial, joking, and procrastination rule conflict†. (Wilmot Hocker, 2011, p. 151) Competition, shockingly for me, ranked highest in a personal setting. My own ranking was lower then what I ranked. â€Å"When conflicts are seen as fights to be won, and tempestuous selfish behavior is employed, it is a good bet that competition is at hand† (Wilmot Hocker, 2011, p. 157) Compromise, my compromise is lowest in the results. I ranked myself a few points higher then the results. â€Å"Both parties engaged in conflict that equally gain and lose for the greater good are engaging in compromise† (Wilmot Hocker, 2011, p. 163). Accommodation, my accommodation score was the most very similar and I ranked almost the same result. â€Å"The key element for accommodation is setting personal and individual needs aside for another, and putting more selfish desires on the backburner†. (Wilmot Hocker, 2011, p. 165) Collaboration, my collaboration score was similar as well, but slightly lower at the assessment result, but it’s a good thing because it can be more challenging than the other conflict styles. â€Å"It requires an intense and high consideration for individual needs and the needs of the other party to reach a solution that works for both† (Wilmot Hocker, 2011, p. 168). ANALYSIS The results of my conflict assessment style test were not completely unexpected to me; besides, I knew I would score high in accommodation, collaboration, and compromise. Though my avoidance and competition scores happened to be relatively low, it was a surprise for me that my avoidance was higher. Avoidance in my everyday life is when I am dealing with a conflict with my romantic partner. I will try to distract the attention to another topic to avoid any conflict. With these changes planning a day of fun to avoiding issue we are having at the time by simply change the topic of subject. My practices in avoidance is negative because â€Å"conflict engagement versus conflict avoidance is essential to resolving differences and increasing relationship satisfaction† (Arricale Pistole, 2003, par. 7). Competition, my competition score was not great, I ranked myself highest in competition, but I think the fact that being the last child my upbringing makes me focus on my â€Å"own co ncepts, beliefs, and purposes† and view conflict such as â€Å"equal to competition† (Tang Wang, 2006, par) Compromise, I do try to compromise regularly in my life, but somehow I have difficulty when it comes to compromising now as I have grown up it could be because I had to compromise so much in life. I can have communication problems and don’t feel comfortable telling the other person up front so I just compromise. we-users [during a conflict] may have a sense of shared interest that sparks compromises and other ideas† (Aaronson, 2006, par. 1). OPINION I do believe that my solid styles are collaboration, and compromise, and accommodation, avoidance and competition are not that strong, however, I would say that did not score very high on my conflict styles, I think I use them more than I should. My conflicts could be better resolved if I found a way to have more balance amongst my conflict styles, and also by simply being more genuinely myself. CONCLUSION During this assessment, I realized that although I have always admired myself when it comes to handling conflict, but I have some of the areas that I still need to work on, like avoidance or accommodation. The conflict assessment only set my opinion, as I did my own scores. References Aaronson, L. (2006). We can work it out. Psychology Today. Retrieved fromhttps://envoy.lcc.edu:2259/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA144403027v=2.1u=lo m_lansingccit=rp=AONEsw=w Arricale, F. Pistole, C. (2003). Understanding attachment: beliefs about conflict. Journal of Counseling and Development, 81.3. Retrieved fromhttps://envoy.lcc.edu:2259/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA106027122v=2.1u=lo m_lansingccit=rp=AONEsw=w Tang, S. Wang, J. (2006). Interpersonal conflict handling styles: a survey of Chinese collegestudents. Canadian Social Science,2.3. Retrieved fromhttps://envoy.lcc.edu:2259/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA208336798v=2.1u=lo m_lansingccit=rp=AONEsw=w Wilmot, W., Hocker, J. (2011). Interpersonal conflict. New York, NY: McGraw Hill.

Most Popular French Listening Exercises

There are more than a hundred listening exercises on this site, ranging from simple dialogues to in-depth listening comprehension exercises. While the topic matter of a listening exercise doesnt necessarily matter (getting listening practice is usually the primary goal), some exercises definitely get a lot more traffic than others. The most visited listening pages tend to be those that offer practical advice or discuss someone or something famous. Here is the most popular French listening audio practice that DotDash has to offer. Beginners French numbers Work on your comprehension of French numbers with these random number generators. At the store Simple dialogue between a storekeeper and a customer. Intermediate/Advanced Le Bois de Boulogne Discussion of Bois de Boulogne, one of the most famous parks in Paris. Intermediate/advanced French in France Introduction to French in France (dialects and standard French) and the Dictionary of French Regionalisms. Eiffel Tower A report on visitors to the Eiffel Tower. Guignol Learn about Frances beloved puppet Guignol and its creator. Les Deux Magots Interview with the manager of the famous Deux Magots cafà © in Paris. Tintin Tintin is a world-renowned Belgian comic strip - learn about the character and its creator. Bistrots à   Paris Cafà ©s have long been a Parisian institution, but they have changed a great deal over the years. Accents in France French varies from country to country and from region to region.

Persuasive Essay On Abortion - 1794 Words

There is a threat going on right now against women’s rights that many people might not know about. Women need to take charge and not let another day of a pregnancy go by where there is not a choice available to end things that might have happened accidentally, so the life of the woman can stay happy, healthy, and moving towards a life that the woman desires. The threat that clearly needs brought to attention is one involving abortions. The government, and to clarify more specifically the House of Representatives, has begun to pass a bill that will limit the time frame that women can receive a safe abortion. This bill passed through the House already and is more correctly called the Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act (Unites States).†¦show more content†¦Levitan states straightforward that fetal pain is unproven, and so there remains no reason for why the Courts need to get involved with â€Å"a woman’s liberty interest in obtaining an abortion†¦ (Co llett). While talking about courts and the states, Nebraska was the first to ban abortions after twenty-weeks in 2010 (Line). Since then, 18 states total have passed similar bans over the unproven claim. Two, of the so far eighteen bans, have gone to court and proven to violate the constitution (Board). After Idaho, one of those 18, conducted a survey proving that the courts are trying to protect the fetus over the mother’s wants (Line). This can also mean that the claim of fetal pain can trump over the woman’s bodily integrity (Watson). This is not the first time a woman’s bodily integrity has been questioned. Back in 1973 the case of Roe v Wade clearly questioned abortions and in the end set a precedent. Because of this one precedent, there has been many times this case has proven to be useful, and soon that one precedent from long ago could be overturned if fetal pain would ever prove to be true (Watson). If this statement means anything to anyone, the presi dent of the United States, Donald Trump, believes the decision in Roe v Wade should be revisited (Chemerinsky). So, should the decision be reconsidered and if so late term abortions have becomeShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay About Abortion993 Words   |  4 Pagesin two peoples perspectives. The story consisted of a daughter (Deb) and mother’s perspective after the death of her father. The purpose of this layout is to show how they are both grieving in individual ways. Writing for the persuasive was presented as an essay on why abortion should be accessible in every country, and to also outline the shame women receive. Purpose Purpose for writing publication- Purpose for writing a real-estate article was to inform a potential buyer on the house showed. AlsoRead MoreAbortion Persuasive Essay1119 Words   |  5 Pages To begin with, there has always been an extensive issue with the topic of abortion, why? Well, it’s a tough subject and can get extremely emotional and very defensive. Honestly, people just need to open up their eye’s and understand that its murder and not just a choice. It is murder because two can create a blessing and the choice of aborting it, is more like a sacrifice for the reason a mother can’t carry a baby for nine months. Whether a person is a minor, young adult, or an adult and is inRead MoreAbortion Persuasive Essay755 Words   |  4 Pagesinstead these babies are torn limb by limb, burned, and many other tortuous methods to end the precious life. Abortion is murder and is not only very cruel to the unborn baby but it also harms the mother. Pro-choice is an escape from the harsh reality that a baby is being murdered, and in my eyes a life should only be terminated if God himself is ready to call them home. One reason why abortion is wrong is because they are many other safe solutions that would give the child a chance at life. AdoptionRead MorePersuasive Essay On Abortion917 Words   |  4 PagesAbortions in Texas consist of ending a pregnancy of an unborn child before it can live out of the mother womb. However if the pregnancy ends not on purpose before the twenty four week mark then technically it would be considered a miscarriage. Though inducing the abortion on purpose has caused a lot of controversy over the past century. Deliberately putting people on one of two sides of this issues, of either being for it, which would be considered Pro Choice. Or in the other category of the ProRead MorePersuasive Essay On Abortion1635 Words   |  7 Pagessolve this issue the option of abortion was brought to the forefront by scientists and advocates such as Dan Savage who mentioned that abortion should be mandatory for the next 30 years in or to control the population. (Ertlet) For countri es such as the U.S. with a growth rate being 1.6%, the proposal of widespread abortion is highly recommended as mentioned by obstetricians and gynecologists. (MumfordKessel) Who now leaves the question as to if the option of abortion should be used as a means ofRead MorePersuasive Essay On Abortion1228 Words   |  5 Pagesmillion pregnancies each year in the United States, 1.6 million end up in abortion† (Hern). Because of the numerous traumatic psychological, physical, and overall irresponsible behavior or actions constantly encouraged due to abortion, it should be banned, and forever illegal. Killing one’s own fetus has been linked to psychological distress which has been channeled into many different cases of substance abuse. â€Å"Induced abortion has been linked to increased rates of substance abuse, especially amongRead MoreAbortion Persuasive Essay804 Words   |  4 Pagesfamily with someone. Often times accidents happen in which people didn’t plan for, and can lead to many financial problems or neglect of one’s child because the parents weren’t prepared to be parents. This is why there should be the option of abortion. Abortion needs to be an option for everyone because it helps from long lasting mental states, infection, economical problems, and or having conceived from a non consensual circumstance. Pregnancy is a hard and unforgiving to the woman’s body. In factRead MorePersuasive Essay On Abortion954 Words   |  4 Pagesand nations who destroy life by abortion and euthanasia are the poorest. I do not say legal or illegal, but I think that no human hand should be raised to kill life, since life is God’s life in us, even in an unborn child.† Do you know what abortion really is? Abortion is the ending of pregnancy by removing a fetus or embryo before it can survive outside the uterus. Abortion seems to be more common in today’s society. Numerous amounts of individuals support abortion, and do not realize how it affectsRead MoreAbortion Persuasive Essay736 Words   |  3 Pagesfavor of abortion rights. The decision was 7-2, it stated that it showed a â€Å"right of privacy.†Abortions have been performed for thousands of years all around the world, even though many women died from it. Women nowadays have a choice of whether they want to get an abortion. Abortions do come with risk, one of them being death, but women should still have a right and say what they want to do with pregnancy and not be judged by others for doing so. Today the debate across the world is if abortion shouldRead MorePersuasive Essay On Abortion1653 Words   |  7 PagesStates, there is a right to have an abortion. The right to have an abortion affects not only women, but everyone. Some believe that the act of having an abortion is murder, yet, others do not believe anything to be wrong with abortion. The act of abortion has been an issue for many years. Is abortion â€Å"murder,† or is murder off the table, since the fetus is too young for developmental stages. Women of all ages have the right to abortion; yet should it be legal? Abortion is a significant topic, because

Culture and Arts in an Exotic Society free essay sample

This paper is on the culture of Hawaii, focusing on Hawaiian art and culture. The author primarily focuses on the rich cultural history, Hawaiian dance, the Hula, and includes general traditions in Hawaiian art. There is a lengthy examination of Hawaiis racial mixtures, food, clothing, homes, family life, language, religion, and various activities, such as sculpture, painting, music, and dance. Hawaiian contributions to society include music, dance, surfing, the lei, and language.The Hawaiian culture is a fascinating one, based on ancient history of colonization and gods among other things. The ancient culture is so rich and is still just as vibrant today. It is portrayed beautifully with bright colors, the use of nature, and many forms of art. Though the Hawaiian culture may seem extremely different than that of other states, it is similar in many ways. There are a great number of differences that make the culture so fascinating. We will write a custom essay sample on Culture and Arts in an Exotic Society or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It may seem the similarities are buried among differences, but traditional American culture has a lot in common with Hawaiian culture. Some similarities include recreation, holidays, language, and diversity. Both cultures influence each other and will continue throughout time, but I dont think the traditional Hawaiian culture will ever fade out.

Martin Luther Protestant Reformation Essays - Pentarchy, Pope

Martin Luther Protestant Reformation The Protestant Reformation: What it was, why it happened and why it was necessary. The Protestant Reformation has been called the most momentous upheaval in the history of Christianity. It was a parting of the ways for two large groups of Christians who differed in their approach to the worship of Christ. At the time, the Protestant reformers saw the church- the Catholic church, or the universal church- as lacking in its ways. The church was corrupt then, all the way up to the pope, and had lost touch with the people of Europe. The leaders of the Reformation sought to reform the church and its teachings according to the Scriptures and the writings of the Apostles. They sought to simplify the church by returning to its roots, roots long lost by the Catholic church at the time, or so the reformers believed. After the fall of the Roman Empire, life in Europe declined rapidly into the Dark Ages. The Dark Ages were a time of misery and darkness. There were only two socioeconomic classes: the very rich nobility or the very poor peasants. Small kingdoms popped up everywhe re, and were constantly at war with one another. Whole libraries were destroyed, and the only people who remained literate were the clergy of the Christian church. Life became such a struggle to survive that, for a period of five hundred years, very little artwork or literature was produced by the whole of Europe. Eventually, around the year 1000, the conditions in Europe began to get better. This marked the beginning of the Middle Ages. The Crusades began as an effort to revitalize the spirits of the people. However, things still weren't very good. Plagues ravaged the land, carried by rodents and destroying whole villages. With this all around, the people began to talk of witches and devils and evil spirits. The religious stories of the time, as seen in the sculpture of every church built during this time period, was of the Last Judgement and the tortures of Hell. This was the time of tall, sweeping Gothic cathedrals adorned with gargoyles and devils. Everywhere the people looked, they saw death, and it became the sole thought in their minds- that and what came after death. With the spreading literacy among the clergy and nobility of the times came new literature. For hundreds of ears the only literature that had existed were those books saved from the destruction of the Dark Ages by the church and the monasteries. Now, scholars began to write new books- all of it, of course, religious in nature. One of the most influential books of the time was The Imitation of Christ by Thomas a Kempis. The book gave clear and simple instruction for modeling a Christian spiritual life on that of Christ (The Volume Library, 1950. However, the way that it did this was to present the mind set of a sober awareness of death and a general view that life is a veil of tears (Carmody, 331). While The Imitation was not the progenitor of the mood for the next several hundred years, it certainly contributed to it. Everything in life became a form of suffering in imitation of Christ. It soon became that even the tiniest act or motion during church service became a holy symbol of p art of Christ's pain. This was also the time of the greatest pilgrimages in history. People all over Europe travelled great distances to experience even the most insignificant of relics. Soon, the possession of relics became a kind of competition between churches and monasteries, denoting their popularity and piety. With the collection of relics came an increase in the size and wealth of the church which housed them. This led to an obsession for money and materialism within the church, which grew tremendously over the next few hundred years. It went so far as the selling of indulgences, which was basically the buying off of one's time spent in purgatory before ascending to heaven. As the Renaissance began, the clergy itself began collecting artwork and lavish decor not only for the church for their private offices. With this trend towards materialism came an obsession with the acts performed during Mass rather

Free Essays on African Women, Women Of The Third World,

Guinea West Africa obtained it’s Independence in 1958, as a consequence of its rejection on de Gaulle’s proposed new constitution. A socialist republic was immediately declared. The current Guinea government is now based on a constitution that was adopted in 1990 and went into effect in 1991. The new constitution established Guinea as a republic (Guinea, 1). This choice was to have important repercussions for the Guinean masses, imposing gigantic pressures on them. However, what happened to the Guinean woman? Where did she stand in the new order? Guinea was and is in a state of evolution, while still bearing the deep imprint of its cultural past. Ancestral values die-hard. In addition, in certain places and some circles they hold sway. However, it must be emphasized that Guinea is one of the countries that included the integration of women it its political program. It is one of the first states to promote a policy of integration and emancipation of women. When it was necessary to oppose the reactionary forces which sought to keep Guinea under colonial domination, â€Å"the women of Guinea armed themselves and took their place in the forefront of the fight against the enemy† (Cabral, 55). For example the heroic M’Ballia Camara, who was assassinated on February 9, 1955, and disemboweled while she was carrying the child of the colonials’ puppet of that period, David Sylla (Cabral, 55). The date of her death is celebrated as the National Day of Guinean Women. Guinea also has the highest rate of female participation in government of any African state. By way of comparison, in 1997 Algeria had eight women deputies out of a total of 261 while Guinea 22 of its 72 deputies were women (World Bank Atlas). Similarly, a woman, Mme. Malfory Bangoura, who had never attended a French school, was appointed Minster for Social Affairs and leader of the women’s section of the PDG (Parti Democratique de Guinee) (World Ba... Free Essays on African Women, Women Of The Third World, Free Essays on African Women, Women Of The Third World, Guinea West Africa obtained it’s Independence in 1958, as a consequence of its rejection on de Gaulle’s proposed new constitution. A socialist republic was immediately declared. The current Guinea government is now based on a constitution that was adopted in 1990 and went into effect in 1991. The new constitution established Guinea as a republic (Guinea, 1). This choice was to have important repercussions for the Guinean masses, imposing gigantic pressures on them. However, what happened to the Guinean woman? Where did she stand in the new order? Guinea was and is in a state of evolution, while still bearing the deep imprint of its cultural past. Ancestral values die-hard. In addition, in certain places and some circles they hold sway. However, it must be emphasized that Guinea is one of the countries that included the integration of women it its political program. It is one of the first states to promote a policy of integration and emancipation of women. When it was necessary to oppose the reactionary forces which sought to keep Guinea under colonial domination, â€Å"the women of Guinea armed themselves and took their place in the forefront of the fight against the enemy† (Cabral, 55). For example the heroic M’Ballia Camara, who was assassinated on February 9, 1955, and disemboweled while she was carrying the child of the colonials’ puppet of that period, David Sylla (Cabral, 55). The date of her death is celebrated as the National Day of Guinean Women. Guinea also has the highest rate of female participation in government of any African state. By way of comparison, in 1997 Algeria had eight women deputies out of a total of 261 while Guinea 22 of its 72 deputies were women (World Bank Atlas). Similarly, a woman, Mme. Malfory Bangoura, who had never attended a French school, was appointed Minster for Social Affairs and leader of the women’s section of the PDG (Parti Democratique de Guinee) (World Ba...

Multinational Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Multinational Human Resource Management - Essay Example However, many HR managers in multinational companies face complex issues in business operation because culture changes from one business environment to another. One of the cultural frameworks that remain widely used across the global is Hofstede’s cultural framework. This framework is significant for multinational companies, but it also creates complex issues to managers in the process of policy implementations and practices. Culture impacts the role of HR managers when they attempt to address the issue of cultural differences on HR system change. 3Ghemawat and Reiche argue that the greater cultural distances among host and home companies, the complexity in the change process. Many companies employ the approach of Hofstede of national cultural differences, which include power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty and Confucian dynamism in establishing a relationship and various outcomes. Managers use high performance work system practices in relation to Hofstede cu ltural dimensions in various ways in order to create organizational transformation. However, the national cultural differences vary from one country to another; hence, they impact effective organizational performance from multinational companies. The legal and regulatory environment varies from one state to another in which these multinational companies are situated. Labor union is one of the institutional factors that impact beliefs and organizational norms within the associate companies. Many countries have varied laws that protect employees who participate in unions in order to support employment stability and compensation practices. For instance,... This paper stresses that foreign corporations seeking to execute policies and practices of western management approaches often face diverse personal issues . This results due to a different context of institutional regulations and cultural aspects where companies operate. Companies employ conceptual framework that emphasizes on HR management practices and the main issue related to adaptation of diverse policies at the national context. For instance, China is one of the countries that face varied issues in an attempt of using western managerial approach especially in recruiting are training employees with suitable or professional qualifications. Companies in varied nations differ with respect to their human resource management policies and practices. This essay makes a conclusion that cultural difference is one of the critical elements that have restricted HR managers in multinational companies from achieving their stated objectives. They force multinational companies to alter their trade practices and strategies in environment they operate. Labor union is one of the institutional factors that impact beliefs and organizational norms within the associate companies. The determinant of human resource transfer by multinational companies is high rooted to a larger extent in current institutional theory. Managerial values, leadership roles and managerial behaviors vary across nation cultures and institutions; thus, they can impact the performance for multinational companies.

Week 5 discussion 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week 5 discussion 2 - Essay Example Policies standardizing assessment procedures, teaching strategies and methods also allow policy makers to monitor and regulate education across the different schools spread out across the state. As a result, students transferring from one school to another across cities undergo a smooth transition because of the similarity in curriculum. Furthermore, within the classroom setting, teachers must ensure their teaching strategies and methods address the needs of their diverse student population. This helps to prevent instances where some students feel left out resulting in decreased motivation levels for academic achievement. Educators rely on lesson plans to formulate teaching objectives that embrace the different learning needs of all students (Diarra, 2005). In conclusion, the entire state stands to benefit from efforts made in the education sector geared towards embracing diversity created by the diverse population residing in the different cities within the state. States with policies equipped to deal with internal diversity have an easier time dealing with external diversity resulting from globalization (Diarra, 2005). Diarra, M. (2005, March 17). Reaching Across Borders to Improve Teaching. Retrieved February 9, 2013, from Reaching Across Borders to Improve Teaching:

The Light Of Freudian Psychology Essay Example for Free

The Light Of Freudian Psychology Essay The influence of psychoanalytic theory upon contemporary thought is difficult to overstate, and equally difficult to quantify. Fundamental concepts of a dynamic unconscious, repression, ego, infantile sexuality, and the Oedipus complex have passed into popular discourse. Psychoanalysis is the root of all contemporary forms of psychotherapy, and as a clinical modality has had an enormous impact on the treatment of mental illness and on the fields of psychology and psychiatry, though this influence has been challenged in recent years by the rise of biological psychiatry. Though the scientific validity of its methods and premises has been hotly disputed, neuro-scientists, including Mark Solms, Antonio Damasio, Jaak Panksepp, and Joseph LeDoux, were actively conducting research in the early twenty-first century to correlate psychoanalytic ideas with the latest findings in brain science. In the humanities, psychoanalytic theory has strongly influenced approaches to literary texts, biography, history, creativity, and sociology. Freud himself was the first to apply psychoanalytic principles to the arts, through readings of Wilhelm Jensens novel Gradiva (1903), Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmanns The Sand-Man (1817), and several of William Shakespeares works; and through psycho biographical essays on Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Shakespeare, Fyodor Dostoyevsky, and Leonardo da Vinci. Freud also explored the implications of his ideas upon anthropology, history, and, perhaps most famously, religion, which Freud considered a primitive, quasi-psychotic projection, and which he considered at length in The Future of an Illusion (1927) and Moses and Monotheism (1939). The poet Wallace Stevens characterized Freuds influence as a whole climate of opinion, and the writings of Freud and other analysts, especially those of Jacques Lacan, have inspired countless artists and thinkers, including Andre Breton, Andre Gide, Benjamin, Thomas Mann, Rainer Maria Rilke, Jean Cocteau, Salvador Dali, Jackson Pollock, Lionel Trilling, Edmund Wilson, Jacques Derrida, Gilles Deleuze, and Slavoj Zizek; and cultural movements such as surrealism, dada, existentialism, deconstruction, and postmodernism. Psychoanalysis and Surrealism: An Exposition: The instincts and unconscious urges of humankind were heavily featured in the works of the surrealists of inter-war Europe. The link between psychoanalysis and the surrealist movement is most evident in the films of the movement. Before examining to what extent the surrealists (in particular, the Spanish film-maker Luis Bunuel) was influenced by Sigmund Freuds writings, I will first briefly present Freuds various models of the mind. Freuds scientific process was anything but static he constantly changed his theoretical framework, as he encountered discrepancies between the theories and his practical experiences during the continuing treatment of patients. The affect/trauma model, a result of Freuds studies of hysteria, focused on the repressed memories of patients. The goal was relief of the symptoms by forcing the patient to remember, a cathartic cure. The dramatic nature of the cure caused this particular version of Freuds work to be prominently featured in Hollywood movies dealing with psychoanalysis. The next stage in Freuds development of a model of the human mind was the topographical model, which he held from 1897 to the early 20s. This model divided the mind into three agencies; the conscious (being the immediately accessible thoughts and feelings), the pre-conscious (not immediately recallable, a reservoir of what can be remembered) and the unconscious (repressed feelings and thoughts which influence actions even though we are not aware of them). Through psychoanalytic treatment the patient can become aware of his repressed motives, making the unconscious conscious. The topographical movement was very much in tune with the Surrealist philosophy on the importance of the irrational. The start of the 1920s saw the emergence of Freuds main project, his structural model. After observing how many patients did not seem to want to get better, Freud came to the conclusion that the topographical model overestimated the importance of instincts. His new personality model consisted of the id, the ego and the super-ego. The id compares broadly with the unconscious, representing aggression and primitive instincts. The id is innate, not learned through socialisation. The ego enables a person to master his instincts; it is the rational part of the personality. Lastly, the super-ego is the part of the ego that is observing and criticising the self. Built up through socialisation and internalising the values of the parents, the super-ego is the moral part of the personality. The surrealist movement arose as a result of the Dadaist movement which existed during the First World War and shortly thereafter. The growing awareness of the horrors of the Great War destroyed any belief in the romantic innocence of the past. One of the results was the surrealists, who inherited from Dada the contempt for traditional bourgeois culture and the classical aesthetics of art for arts sake. Born out of artistic and literary circles and with the writer Andre Breton the closest thing to a leader of the movement, the members of the movement were primarily writers and painters, and not filmmakers. Nevertheless, the surrealist movement was one of the first to acknowledge the importance of the new medium of film. Film was used as inspiration to boost creativity for prose and paintings. Interestingly, the surrealists preferred the popular Hollywood films, because the films were not part of bourgeois art, but of a new anti-art medium. Artists like Man Ray and Hans Richter started experimenting with cinema towards a surreal end. Co-operation between filmmakers and painters also took place, like Luis Bunuel and Salvador Dalis partnership in making Un chien Andalou. The special surrealist sensibility needs to be considered. It was a world view, a philosophical and active position approaching life and art. The surrealists celebrated the unconscious as a liberating force, to escape the deadening pressures of the rational, civilised world. The realistic attitude, according to Breton, clearly seems to me to be hostile to any intellectual or moral advancement (Breton 6). Dreams are more real than reality. The surrealists made use of drugs and hypnotism to reach into the dream-like state of their selves, to see the true reality behind the everyday appearances. Unconventional and subjective, dreams hold no logical and rational restraints to true creativity. The surrealist method of automated writing (ecriture automatique) is pure mental automatism, writing from a passive state, avoiding moral, religious and logical restrictions. This state of true authenticity closely resembles Freuds method of free association. Bunuels early movies Un chien Andalou and Lage dor show the influence of free association and to what great extent surrealism shocked the bourgeois sensibilities of the time. Filled with attacks on the numbing influences of the state and church, Bunuels 1928 debut became a resounding success, much to his chagrin. Bourgeois traditional circles were praising its high art and aesthetics. Bunuel asked how they could, when the film clearly was a passionate call to murder? Bunuel on Un chien Andalous famous eyeball-slitting sequence that opens the film and his career: To produce in the spectator a state which could permit the free association of ideas, it was necessary to provoke a near traumatic shock at the very beginning of the film. The irrational montage that follows necessitates a purging of rationality, relying on emotional and unconscious impact to carry the film. Incongruent jumps in time and space abound, like when the protagonist is shot by his alter-ego, only to in the falling motion end up in a park, briefly clutching the shoulder of a statue-like woman. In trying to make sense of the images, the viewer must negotiate with the unconscious. The young man is fighting his own unconscious urges for the young woman. In one remarkable scene he strains against the combined weight of a piano, a donkey and two priests an absurdly humorous representation of the repressive forces of bourgeois culture and religion. While Un chien Andalou can be seen as a piece of cinematic poetry, Bunuel used the dramatic language of cinema to its fullest in the revolutionary Lage dor in 1930. Lage dor, Bunuels next movie, has the main character of Modot incarnating the wild, untamed power of love and sexuality that threatens the institutions of family, state and church. The lovers Modot and Lya Lys are constantly thwarted in their unacceptable passion by society. Modot can be seen as representing the unconscious in its free, anarchic aspect, while the repressive society is the aggregate super-ego. Modot has no tolerance for the trappings of society; they are but obstacles to the fulfilment of his desires. An example is the way he slaps the mother at the dinner party, and when he kicks the blind man. Eros is closely tied up with Thanatos. A particularly poetic piece of surrealism is the scene where Lya Lys is gazing into her mirror, which reflects a cloudy sky. The sounds of wind, bells and barking link the two lovers together even if they are miles apart. Rarely has the power of the unconscious to overcome the boundaries of reality been more brilliantly evoked. Freudian psychology played an important, if somewhat unacknowledged, role in surrealist thinking. However, the surrealists were highly eclectic, they borrowed from Freud whatever suited their purpose in whichever form they saw fit. Their goal was to change the view of mankind, not to offer any objective, scientific contribution to the field of psychology. The very idea of a controlled science was alien to them, held that their own ideas were more subtle and profound than that of any science. Even if the method of automated writing closely resembles free association, the surrealists never directly acknowledged Freud for it. The difference between the two positions can be seen in that Freuds method of free association held that one should keep to the original notion that started the association, whereas the surrealists were vehemently opposed to this idea. For them, this was to unnecessarily repress and limit the expression of a free spirit. The surrealists were influenced by Freuds topographical model, before the development of the structural model of the 20s. The concept of the super-ego in the structural model was exactly what the surrealists wanted to destroy, the image of the moralistic bourgeois society. Its very existence was anathema to the surrealist world view. It follows that parts of the movement (accentuated after the increasing politicisation of the movement in the 30s into communist and non-communist camps) were suspicious of Freuds bourgeois nature in his theories on the super-ego. Direct meetings between Freud and the surrealists were somewhat of a disappointment to both parties, the surrealists were let down over the fact that Freud privately was quite the bourgeois gentleman, whereas Freud was dismayed by the frivolous nature of the surrealists. The unconscious as a liberating force is central to the films of Bunuel and to the surrealist movement in general. For the surrealists the unconscious is a spring-well of pure art, devoid of the degenerating effects of reality. Bunuels style thrived on bringing the unconscious to the surface of reality, thus enmeshing it with reality. As opposed to this central theme in surrealist productions, Freud postulated a sharp divide between reality and dreams. The Freudian concepts of condensation and displacement were also used widely in surrealism, again unacknowledged. Still, Breton gave thanks to Freud in his Manifesto of Surrealism for his discoveries on the mental world. Applauding Freud for applying his faculties to the study of dreams, Breton writes that it is inadmissible that this considerable portion of psychic activity has still today been so grossly neglected (Breton 10). Whereas the surrealists examined the dream-state for its freedom from logic restraints, Freud studied dreams for uncovering problems evident in the awakened state. For instance, the Freudian psychologies of dreams play an important part in Bunuels films. Both Belle de Jour and The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie make frequent use of the dream-vehicle. In Belle de Jour the dreams act as wish-fulfilment of the repressed sexual desires of Severine, and in Discreet Charm the dreams of the bourgeoisie represent their fear of the unmasking of their superficial world (witness the scene where the bourgeoisie suddenly find themselves eating dinner on the stage of a theatre). The surrealist view of the unconscious is indebted to the unconscious of Freuds topographical model. The difference is in the motives and reasoning behind the use of the unconscious. Freud wanted to understand the human psyche, while the surrealists were on a mission of liberation and freedom. Perhaps both parties had more in common than they cared to admit, regardless of their differing cultural framework. WORKS CITED: 1) Anzieu, D. Freuds Self-Analysis. Translated by Peter Graham. London: Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-analysis, 1986. 2) Breton, A. Manifestoes of surrealism 1969. 3) Mellen, J (ed). The worlds of Luis Bunuel 1978.

The Pastoral Ideal in Thomas Grays Elegy (Eulogy) Written in a Country

The Pastoral Ideal in Thomas Gray's Elegy (Eulogy) Written in a Country Churchyard Thomas Gray’s "Elegy Wrote in a Country Churchyard" portrays the pastoral ideal through many different images. The traditional pastoral notion of idyllic life changes in this poem to form a connection with people themselves. The speaker of this poem creates a process by which laborers come to symbolize the perfection of the pastoral through their daily toils. These people come to represent the ideal form of pastoral life. In this poem, however, Gray consigns these people and their lifestyle to darkness and death in order to save them from a world whose changing ideals support their idyllic lifestyle. This poem can be broken into four parts. These parts describe a kind of conversation between the speaker and the fading light of the traditional pastoral notion. The first part, ending around line 28, shows the ways in which the working people have integrated successfully into the pastoral lifestyle. The second, and longest part, ending around line 73, paints a portrait of an "urbanized pastoral" where people are no longer ignorant of their own potential, but strive to make changes in the world around them. Though this in itself is not necessarily negative, by desiring to change the world, the pastoral ideal of static bliss is directly challenged. The third section gives a kind of resolution to the situation by letting the pastoral tradition slide, safe and unmarred, into the comforting darkness of death. The opening stanza paints a portrait of the end of a day. The herds of farm animals walk away from the speaker to their home, just as a weary farmer "plods" (3) his way back home. All of these figures recede from the speaker into the appr... ... poet could the pastoral be kept alive. The speaker deals with this concept throughout "Elegy Wrote in a Country Church Yard." The "darkness" which is alluded to in the first stanza is the place the world has left the pastoral. As "The Plow-man homeward plods his weary Way," (3) he leaves behind the realm of the pastoral for the speaker to deal with. As society begins to turn its back from fanciful simplicity, towards commercial complexity, the poet’s duty falls to creating a place where the world of the pastoral is safe. For Gray, this is the darkness of death. This poem, however, does not create this "darkness" of death as an everlasting sleep. Rather, the importance of the pastoral is kept safe, and has the ability to influence generations of socially-influenced people that there is a world of peace and simplicity awaiting them, if they choose to look for it. Â  

Impact of Advertising on Children Essay

Journal of Research in Business Vol. 1, Issue. 9, (pp. 01- 06) September, October, 2011 The Role of Television Advertising and Its Effects on Children Amin Asadollahi1 Student of PhD Marketing Management, Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Email: amin_asadollahee@yahoo. com Neda Tanha Student of advertising and Marketing, University of Applied Sciences, Tehran, Iran Email: nedatanha62@yahoo. com ABSTRACT The prevalence of obesity and the growing increase of obesity in children with the academic, political and social issue has been. TV ads show a significant relationship between consumption) advertised brands, b) a variety of high-energy foods advertised, c) all the food there. Most children are aware of the intention, but the ads are skills that do not use them unless explicitly noted that the response should be. Policymakers, consumers and those involved with organizations related to children’s services can be more powerful to have kids. Beginning with a powerful strategy to enhance food safety information between children and their families at the start and then focus on increasing children’s consumer skills. Keywords: Television Advertising, Perception, Children, Foodstuffs INTRODUCTION If the TV to a (public university) can be interpreted that all segments of the population of each age range who are under the covers, not of fortune. Hence it is necessary to direct its programs to be more investment. TV should not be considered as a source of income if you think that the media is the most important. For lack of the necessary costs of functions that are expected to have a media will have a negative effect. Perhaps one of the major pests that lurk in the media sat on this topic is the creation of private television. (Power) and (capitalistic) are two large chains of many large and small have turned to captive So chances are the custodians of authoritarian capitalist and some high And assuming that some of them are innocent of power and capitalism ,There are people around the powerful and the media to focus on the desired direction. So probably the custodians of these chains are held consciously or unconsciously . It seems the idea is to follow the great danger that should remain unaware of it. The arrangements with regard to the prevalence of obesity in childhood are increasing worldwide Large and important role in the TV ads for food has been distributed. (Boyland et al. , 2008, 780). The prevalence of obesity and the growing increase of obesity in children with the academic, political and social issue have been. Among the various factors identified as possible reasons for the rise in childhood obesity Trends such as changes in leisure activities and knowledge of nutrition, growth in television advertising is especially important for children. Unintended effects of advertising on children include: Ask the children, materialism, and take note of despair, dissatisfaction with family life and the conflict is. Unintended effects of advertising on children from early 1970 began the second half of this decade; the rate reached its peak and has declined over the past few years. Research shows a decline from 1980. The reclamation research and advertising effects on children (Especially today’s kids are more vulnerable to advertising) and the two decades prior to the advertising business has increased significantly. Advertise on this ideology that developed the property and assets are important and critical quality like beauty; success and happiness are attainable only with acquiring material possessions. The results of these promotions to increase demand for purchase by children and indirectly increase the child’s parents are fighting. The ads lack the purchasing power of parents, or refuse to cause unhappiness and discomfort in children are buying. Advertising products customized with a world full of beautiful people show in the real world while their children are compared with the ideal world and conflict in the world because they are unhappy. Younger children than older children are at risk of complications ads. I understand they have less 1 . Corresponding Author: Amin Asadollahi, Department of Business Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, E-mail: amin_asadollahee@yahoo. com 1 Interdisciplinary Journal of Research in Business Vol. 1, Issue. , (pp. 01- 06) September, October, 2011 and less power can have a critical view And secondly, their demands can not delay it more than other traditional groups with parents are involved In addition, smaller children can not express their wishes to take advantage of logical techniques While older children and the desire to express the logic of the techniques they use And why the younger children to show their anger more And also create more confli ct. Also shown that boys more girls are persisting in their demands and more parents are involved with. Male children are spending more violence, while girls are more polite and often are expressed to apply to the purchase offer. Apart from that conflict between parents and children in the family about the purchase occurs. Another problem is that kids tend to play with toys with their friends spend their time advertised On the other hand instead of his good friends and that it lacks a certain kind of toys they are willing Occasional bad friends are certain that the toys they play The issue of discrimination in society and their friends will cause a forced choice. These three forms of physical aggression, verbal and psychological effects on children caused by children tend to imitate the movements of athletes or models. Are inconsistent with the terms of the gender because usually the role of women in advertising and men as agents of grade 2 are shown in Table 1. And play a major role in advertising is more often the men present. Most women in terms of cleaning, etc. . . . Deal while most men in the great outdoors and responsibilities are shown. REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE Television, Children and Advertising Via the magic of television deals to broadcast program which can have profound effects on the developing world and the children to change their lives. No doubt with the development of new networks and satellite television in the world scene, the children will be more vulnerable to the effects of various television In other words, the potential impact of the television spectrum can be put on their young viewers, with the widespread application of this media has become more widespread. After the family television programs and personalities of the most important factors in forming a child’s education is one Television teacher is a powerful, yet dangerous. Imitation, along with the concept, personality development and behavioral problems, the effects of television on children is a special way into his mind. When watching TV programs are on track and learning programs offered via television, the unconscious is far, Children are not aware that their behavior and the behavior of others are acquired, the effectiveness of television can be considered as One of the most important aspect of watching TV programs about the impact of TV ads has been a lot of viewers, especially children Television as the most influential instrument of mass communication, is considered most suitable by the Propaganda In view of the world’s population, mostly young people communicate with the outside world through television, the most important means of mass communication that we seek. Television advertising The media, commercials, and its overall meaning and types of advertising messages that the employer pay for a certain time of the broadcast will be available. TV advertising in recent years have had very progressive and growing, Apart from their relative, the most important sources of information on cultural, economic and social trends among And significant influence on the formation of patterns of intellectual, emotional and behavioral audience, especially children, have. Poor-Norooz (1377). The research, to analyze the content of television advertisements, especially children, is in Iran. His first TV ads the content of the nine categories of children: toys, safety, education, social hygiene, food, educational materials, refreshments, games and clothing distribution sites During the six-month period after it has been investigated. Based on the findings, related to advertising junk food and toys, and most game sites and educational materials, to have the least playing time. Also, the advertisements related to the edible material, which has the largest share of ads that are not nutritious and role in physical growth and nutrition of their children. Interestingly, none of your bread, dairy products, fruit and fruit juice (effects on growth and nutrition of children) is not present in the samples. Also, half of the junk food advertisements, to promote various types of chocolate and ice cream puff and a third of them have been assigned. However, high levels of salt and a puff of sweetened chocolate and ice cream because of the high Food is not good. Instead of thinking about the study, even a TV ad on health issues, there is no the dental care to children to educate. The effect of television advertising on children The researchers performed many studies have concluded that watching television advertising, on attitudes, life style and consumption pattern of the behavior of the audience, including children, affected. However, the effect of the various factors such as age, Social class, economic, message presentation, family structure and 2 Interdisciplinary Journal of Research in Business Vol. 1, Issue. 9, (pp. 01- 06) September, October, 2011 relationships governing the time watching television. For example, children who are at an early age because of limited cognitive abilities, the reality of what they think of television viewing and much closer to reality television programs that children know of content that are most affected. Accordingly, the effectiveness of children’s age and years of TV ads, most children that age are high. There are also strong family relationships and causes children to be influenced by television programs. Parents with children studying the reality of online life that it can monitor and control, they are more aware of advertising and commercial purposes and the negative view about these programs is more critical than. While the relationships between family members that it is hostile, Children may achieve the advertised product, make life difficult for their parents . Affect the presentation of advertising messages are considered an important factor. So if someone can confirm a great year for goods and services, View it with your children more likely to show having been advertised products Since young children in the diagnosis of non-reality reality Still have not found the necessary cognitive skills, Therefore, children programs and cartoons of famous personalities, young children can distinguish reality from fantasy in the wrong pockets And the perception that the advertisements are false. The intensity of these programs is more affected. Duration of exposure to advertisements, other factors affect them. Peruvian television viewers up pills than it is viewers not so serious, the impact of advertising is acceptSo that more attention to the show and to trust them and have a more positive attitude. Since advertising is rarely the main aspects and key production Such as materials used how to work and show the product price, the sale of a blower and non-misleading, and the consequences Has many negative consequences that are importa nt: 1. Parental pressure on children to buy advertised products and refuse to fulfill the wishes of their parents (The dream is more demand) and that conflict between parents and children leads to conflict. If parents refuse to buy goods in question, it would be sinful to their children, if you accede to the demands of parents and children, certainly the price they pay for a toy or food package, the price will be higher, because that’s what common sense would forbid it. 2. Another negative consequence of television advertising, consumption of food products such as candy and fruit juice is fresh. About 80 percent of the volume of television ads promoting these products makes up the children. All of this publicity, the belief that young children about nutrition and the impact of food. Children can not understand that eating foods with high sugar levels, because weight gain and tooth decay is their (Newman, 1377). 3. Since most advertising, scenes from the life of the rich and affluent children can be displayed, without this, undesirable tendencies and trauma in the lives of other children who can afford it will not it may even make it to the crime and unethical behavior you have to seize it, to push. Critics of television advertising Critics of the ads are responsible for the problem of child obesity for promoting energy and food products that have relatively high fat and sugar and salt. So in many countries the demand for consumer and health organizations Policies to limit food advertising to children (Buijzen & et al. , 2007, 231). Even more established groups in the feet And adopting new hypotheses and test them to come and prove their Food advertising in children’s programs are broadcast In violent behavior, disrespect, and stealing in children is effective Because these behaviors promoted in TV ads for food products is a view (Page ; Brewster, 2009, 150). But what was of concern to all, in recent years the food and beverages to children and adolescents as a major force in the market has and thus they are now strongly and specifically target their advertising and marketing efforts are placed. Food marketers are interested in buying power among the youth because they are consumer products the direction of these techniques and multilateral channels to attract young people when they are young, they use Time to grow their brand and their food products in the future affect buying behavior. (Story ; French, 2004, 14). Food is one of the most important promotional goods and therefore attracts a lot of research efforts. (Zwier, 2009, 109) In the long-term investments that seek to Marketers and a stable market, relying Dependence on customers and their loyalty Their strategy to attract young people think it’s because The condition of their success to a life of its customer Kids also an important market for the missionaries offer Commercial and food are in direct contact 3 Interdisciplinary Journal of Research in Business Vol. 1, Issue. 9, (pp. 01- 06) September, October, 2011 Prices for products that taste good with children and adolescents is the money will be spent on children by their parents because they do. In adolescents 8 to 17 years estimated that approximately 75% of adolescents and their families on food costs impact In addition, young children, the more likely Purchase directly to a consumer market are considered important . ( Powell et al. 2007, s253) To achieve this goal of marketing channels and techniques are certain that these channels are: Television advertising, advertising schools, kids clubs, internet, toys and products with the logo of a company (Story & French, 2004, 14) And advertising techniques, such as the award families who rejected these ads They were calling for a ban or restrictions on scope of work (Mehta et al. , 2010, 5). But in the advertising and marketing on children’s interest It works for both physical and mental abuse that was followed Families, parents, nurses, and community governments were sensitive to this type of advertising As far as food manufacturers and their breeders, professional organizations, written and visual media, education and food and consumers have the ability to provide dietary patterns, disease prevention and health promotion is. (Lohman ; Kant, 1998, 27). The story of television and advertising of foodstuffs Commercial food advertising to children is increasingly relying on the general 5: 1) A breakfast cereal 2) Sugar 3) Snack 4) Non-Alcoholic Beverages 5) Fast Food Restaurants, (Buijzen et al. , 2007, 232). With a short list of five can be important to realize Food advertising to children in the world was too sweet and fatty and are consistent with dietary recommendations. Story ; French, 2004, 14) But because health has always been important, The major manufactur ers also see ads from far left And build their physical and sporting activities, special attention has been And of course food and beverage ads that were related to physical activity and athletic ability Significantly more welcomed by the children were exposed to ads that were more entertaining aspects of the game. (Flot et al. , 2006, 244) But because of this sensitivity with special attention to health and the prevalence of obesity among children are around. To fully understand the relationship between advertising and food consumption patterns of children in need showing the relationship between advertising and food consumption in children and we try the following: 1) Advertised food brands 2) Different items are high-energy foods that are advertised 3) Consumption of all food products (Buijzen et al. , 2007, 235). Broadcast advertising can cause changes in food preferences and consumption rates for children and Increase the brand advertised. This is often caused by the stimulus-response will explain the psychology of advertising Argues that advertising leads to awareness of advertised brands tend to be Mark is buying it and taking it (Ibid, 232) However you choose to display ads only lead to commercial brands and types of food intake does not increase But the ads are related to high-energy food products, Such hangs in the pattern of food advertising to children, they will increase the risk of obesity. (Ibid, 232) Explain the effect of stimulus – response to high energy consumption as a social learning theory as it appears Modeling the behaviors such as eating in advertisements that have been portrayed in the audience is led to similar behavior. Display ads can lead to the use of a particular brand, use of energy products and total food intake is increased (Ibid, 232). Effect on three levels Promoting food choices not only affect children’s food brands but they use different types of high-energy food product s are developed. Communication with proof of the theory of predictive effects of stimulus – response advertising, the effect of food advertising a particular brand to other brands of food that can be generalized 4 Interdisciplinary Journal of Research in Business Vol. 1, Issue. 9, (pp. 01- 06) September, October, 2011 (Ibid, 236). The more fatty foods children choose to include foods that contain carbohydrates between fatty foods and prefer the use of the advertised brand name is lost to Mark (Boyland & et al. , 2008, 760). However a small number of openly advertising their products as light manufacturing, have introduced a simple and low-fat That they are dedicated to those who are concerned about their weight and take care (Henderson & Kelly, 2005, 194). However, food advertising goes to the side That promote unhealthy food such as chocolate chips and more healthy food such as vegetables and fruits are brought under their domination (Zwier, 2009,109). Family background At first glance, it seems, is that what parents feed their children are still the primary gatekeeper And overall financial costs they can control And the final purchase decisions are made in the world of buying and selling are also The amount of food available to children in the home control Like to eat snacks and determine what we have dinner tonight? But research shows that when shopping for children separated from their parents’ wishes and priorities are not important. It is understood that they will not even buy some food brands Children who do not like to bother them (Buijzen et al. 2007, 237). The family of one of the most important factors in predicting children’s consumption patterns. High-income families with children generally consume more food. And a variety of materials, energy and greater use of the advertised brands. Parents with high incomes than lowincome parents can afford to buy food are more Thus; in families with high power tend to buy more expensive food and beverage brands. In addition, higher income families are often both parents Employees. This makes it hard when they are And a strong desire to buy more food and be ready. Be higher in families with income, advertising significantly associated with food brands. On the other hand, low-income families regardless of brand name products, only the amount of food and beverage advertising influences the pattern of low-income families with higher incomes are influenced by television advertising to justify the Children from families with high income (Ibid, 237). Despite the ads that their audiences are children According to the story of their age, character, visual, musical, musical, noisy and with the special effects (Mehta et al. , 2010, 5) But the children made their own banners and ads that do not matter adult And the range of ads when watching TV in the sight of them, are discussed The large volume of ads that are discussed are the ones who made exclusively for children (Ibid, 5). Besides making television advertising professionals to grasp the way they, To overcome the effects of competition on the more eternal in the minds of consumers and their young, they Thus the stage to television advertising has become exaggerated feeling good, Fixation and dependence, the physical embodiment of a crime, deceit, theft and robbery, to get over the need for food and non-respectful behavior with adults (Page & Brewster, 2009, 105). Obtaining this information is not strange if we worry about Concepts that children will be broadcasted on TV ads for food, increased. Awareness of these issues as warning to officials and other supporters of child health and is instead Have a closer look at these issues (Ibid, 154). Lawyers and policy makers about the prevalence of food advertising and its potential impact on audience behavior, insight and gain more knowledge. (Henderson & Kelly, 2005, 191). Food can also be studied by teaching critical thinking skills that may be associated Food advertising to help consumers (Ibid, 191) Despite what you would think the findings indicate that Relatively good level of awareness and understanding of children Even though you have no experience necessary Because of their lack of skills or knowledge are not sufficient to But what is certain and proven by scientific research, Is that children over 7 years of children ages 2 to 6 years of advertising are likely affected And children ages 7 to 11 years with the intention of the ads, but are aware of the skills that are not used Unless they are explicitly to be reminded that you have a reaction (Mehta et al. , 2010, 5). Children between 10 and 12 years promoting and producing ads to those who are aware of the sensitive but not (Ibid, 5). CONCLUSION Children are more vulnerable to advertising. Different laws in different countries to limit the number of ads used to be, kind, Content and timing of the broadcast ad covers For example, advertisements for toys for children to play in Greece is limited to late night hours Australia and Belgium, and in advertisements broadcast during children’s broadcasts A few minutes before it is banned. Some researchers believe that it is better to limit excessive advertising Products to raise awareness of parents of children and to discuss with them about products and promotions the researchers say understanding the power to limit excessive growth of advertising and the guys decide to delay. Ways to protect children against advertising is to review and update. The substitution of digital television in the near future I can easily while watching the TV screen by pressing a key to enter the Internet world in the world of digital TV, which will replace the TV for the kids there will be no other limit and children will have free 5 Interdisciplinary Journal of Research in Business Vol. 1, Issue. 9, (pp. 01- 06) September, October, 2011 access to any kind of advertising. New technology also allows advertisers to extensive information watching habits of children in the media to obtain and thus make them more targeted. So parents and teachers should increase the will power and self-esteem in children, so bring the kids once I see ads that are part of the economy, society correctly imagined to be the means of advertising. Techniques and methods of advertising to children should be taught and developed the power to judge and criticize them. The ad can not promote, or sell their goods to attract customers. It can only draw attention to the customer, to persuade him to buy. If the buyer has enough information to evaluate the ads and advertisers. In general we can say the main criticisms against television advertising on children include: 1 – Unlimited and uncontrolled effects of advertising on children 2 – Promote consumerism and false needs 3 – Disorders of children on the farm and Health 4 – Create gender discrimination REFERENCE 1. Bergler, R (1999) the Effects of Commercial Advertising on Children. Commercial Communications, January: 41-48. 2. Bjurstrom, E (1994) Barn och TV-reklam: En introduction till forskningen on TV-reklamens paverkan pa barn [Children and television advertising: An introduction to the research on the effects TV commercials have on Children]. Stockholm: Konsumentverket (Rapport; 29). 3. Boyland, E. J. , Harrold, J. A. , Kirkham, T. C. , J. C. G. Halford. (2008)  « Does television food advertising affect children’s food preferences?  » Appe te, 51, 751-764. 4. Buijzen, M. , Schuurman, J. , E. , Bomhof. 2008)  « Associations between children’s television advertising exposure and their food consumption patterns: A household diary–survey study » Appe te, 50, 231–239. 5. Consumers International (1999) Easy Targets: A Survey of Television Food and Toy Advertising to Children in Four Central European Countries. 6. Folta, S. C. , Goldberg, J. P. , Economos, C. , Bell, R. , R. , Meltzer. (2006)  « Food Advertising Targeted at School-Age Children: A Content Analysis  » J Nutr Educ Behav, 38, 244-248. 7. Goldstein, J (1998) Children and Advertising – The Research. Commercial Communications, July: 4-7. 8. Gunther, Barry, McCarthy chlorine, Jill (1380). Children and Television. Nusrat Fata translation. Soroush. Tehran. . Henderson, V. R. ; Kelly, B. (2005)  « Food Advertising in the Age of Obesity: Content Analysis of Food Advertising on General Market and African American Television  » J Nutr EducBehav, 37, 191-196. 10. Hosseini, Negin (1385). Fighting for children’s television. Information. Tehran. 11. Kinnucan, H. W. , (2003)  «Optimal generic advertising in an imperfectly Competitive food industry with variable proportions » Agricultural Economics, 29,143–158. 12. Lohmann, J. , A. , Kant. (1998)  «Effect of the Food Guide Pyramid on Food Advertising » JNE, 30, 23-28. 13. Mehta, K. , Coveney, J. , Ward, P. , Magarey, A. , Spurrier, N. , T. , Udell. (2010) 14. Australian children’s views about food advertising on television » Appe te, 970, 1-7. 15. Newman, and Philip Newman, Barbara (Winter 1377). The effects of television on children’s growth. Ismail Biabangard translation. Research and Evaluation, numbers 15 and 16. 16. Page, R. M. ; Brewster, A. (2009)  «Depiction of Food as Having Drug-like Properties in Televised Food Advertisements Directed at Children: Portrayals as Pleasure Enhancing and Addictive » Journal of Pediatric Health Care, 23, 154-157. 17. Pejman Arash (Spring 1381). The effects of television commercial advertising on childrenâ €™s social relationships. Research and Evaluation. 29. 18. Pour March, Manijeh (Winter 1377). Content analysis of television advertisements, especially children, research and evaluation. 15 and 16. 19. Powell, L. M. , Szczypka, G. , F. J. , Chaloupka. (2007)  «Adolescent Exposure to Food Advertising on Television » American Journal of Prevent ve Medicine, 33, s251-s256. 20. Saatatmand, Zohreh. (Fall 1376). The effects of television on children and adolescents. Education. 5. 21. Story, M. & French, S. , (2004)  «Food Advertising and Marketing Directed at Children and Adolescents in the US » International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 1, 1-17. 22. Zwier, S. (2009)  «Medicalisation of food advertising. Nutrition and health claims inmagazine food advertisements 1990–2008 » Appetite, 53, 109–113. 6